Important definition of Chemistry
What is a covalent bond?
Ans: A covalent bond is a chemical bond formed by the sharing of electrons between two atoms.
What is an ionic bond?
Ans: An ionic bond is a chemical bond formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.
What is an acid?
Ans: An acid is a substance that donates hydrogen ions (protons) and has a pH less than 7.
What is a base?
Ans: A base is a substance that accepts hydrogen ions (protons) and has a pH greater than 7.
What is a salt?
Ans: A salt is a chemical compound formed by the reaction of an acid and a base.
What is a coordination compound?
Ans: A coordination compound is a compound consisting of a central metal ion surrounded by a number of ligands.
What is a metal?
Ans: A metal is an element that is shiny, dense, and good conductor of heat and electricity, and is typically a solid at room temperature.
What is a nonmetal?
Ans: A nonmetal is an element that is dull, not dense, and poor conductor of heat and electricity, and is typically a gas or a solid at room temperature.
What is an atom?
Ans: An atom is the smallest unit of matter that retains the chemical properties of an element.
What is a nucleus?
Ans: A nucleus is the central part of an atom that contains positively charged protons and neutral neutrons.
What is an electron?
Ans: An electron is a negatively charged subatomic particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom.
What is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom called?
Ans: The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is called the atomic number.
What is the mass number of an atom?
Ans: The mass number of an atom is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus.
What is an isotope?
Ans: An isotope is an atom of an element that has a different number of neutrons than other atoms of the same element, resulting in a different atomic mass.
What is the electron configuration of an atom?
Ans: The electron configuration of an atom is the arrangement of electrons in its orbitals.
What is the periodic table of elements?
Ans: The periodic table of elements is a graphical representation of all the known elements, organized based on their atomic number, electron configuration, and chemical properties .
What is a molecule?
Ans: A molecule is the smallest unit of a chemical compound that retains the chemical properties of that compound.
What is a covalent molecule?
Ans: A covalent molecule is a molecule formed by the sharing of electrons between two or more atoms.
What is an ionic molecule?
Ans: An ionic molecule is a molecule formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.
What is a molecular formula?
Ans: A molecular formula is a concise representation of a molecule that shows the number of atoms of each element in the molecule.
What is a structural formula?
Ans: A structural formula is a representation of a molecule that shows the arrangement of atoms and the type of bonds between them.
What is a Lewis structure?
Ans: A Lewis structure is a type of structural formula that shows the arrangement of electrons in a molecule.
What is a isomer?
Ans: An isomer is a molecule that has the same molecular formula as another molecule but a different arrangement of atoms.
What is a homogeneous mixture?
Ans: A homogeneous mixture is a mixture in which the composition is uniform throughout and cannot be separated by physical means.
What is a transition metal?
Ans: A transition metal is an element in the d-block of the periodic table with properties such as high melting and boiling points, good conductivity, and the ability to form multiple stable oxidation states.
What is a metalloid?
Ans: A metalloid is an element with properties of both metals and nonmetals, such as silicon and germanium.
What is a compound?
Ans: A compound is a substance composed of two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed ratio.
What is a heterogeneous mixture?
Ans: A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture in which the composition is not uniform throughout and can be separated by physical means.
What is a solution?
Ans: A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in which the solute is uniformly distributed throughout the solvent.
What is a suspension?
Ans: A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture in which the solute particles are not uniformly distributed throughout the solvent and will settle over time.
What is a colloid?
Ans: A colloid is a type of mixture in which the particles are intermediate in size between those of a solution and a suspension, and are dispersed throughout the mixture.
What is a coordination complex?
Ans: A coordination complex is a compound in which a metal ion is surrounded by a number of ligands, which can be ions or molecules that are coordinated to the metal ion through coordinate covalent bonds.